||| FROM ELISABETH ROBSON |||


Today I received in my inbox an email from OPALCO extolling an affordable energy future powered by renewables and carried by electric vehicles. We get pictures of solar panels and an electric vehicle happy deal. They claim in this email that their vision of the future will help us “shift away from fossil fuels.” Let’s take a closer look at the vision of our future OPALCO is promoting, and see how green, clean, and fossil fuel-free it really is.

The email is topped with a photo of the community solar installation on Decatur Island. OPALCO is supporting and promoting the solar industry, which means supporting the mining, refining, and global supply chain industries. All modern technologies are based on non-renewable fossil fuels, and other non-renewable materials that are extracted from the Earth. Solar photovoltaic (PV) technology is no exception. Each step in the production of solar PV requires fossil fuels — mining the quartz from which silicon is refined; mining the metallurgical coal required to purify silicon during the smelting process; mining the bauxite, copper, lead, indium, zinc, gold, and silver all required to make various components of solar panels, inverters, and grid lines; cutting and shredding the hardwood trees required for refining silicon; powering the energy-intensive process required to refine 99.99% pure polysilicon; making the concrete and aluminum required to frame and mount the panels; clearing and bulldozing the land for industrial solar farms; and of course, powering the global shipping industry required to transport all these materials required to build solar panels, usually in container ships and trucks powered by fossil fuels. Every step in solar PV requires a continuous input of fossil fuels. This is not fossil fuel-reducing technology by any stretch of the imagination.

They are supporting and promoting the electric vehicle (EV) industry, which, like solar PV, requires a huge global supply chain of materials mined, refined, and transported using fossil fuels. And, like solar PV, EVs require batteries. Lots and lots of batteries. For solar, the batteries are used to store energy so that power can be available on the grid when the sun doesn’t shine. For cars, the batteries provide the power to move the car, and currently make up 50% of the cost of an EV. Leaving aside the “car” part of an EV, which has all the same issues as an internal combustion engine (ICE) car (meaning cars require materials and roads (made from fossil fuels!), and enable unsustainable lifestyles, etc.), let’s focus on the batteries. EV car batteries are primarily Lithium Ion (Li) batteries, and a core component of those batteries is lithium (in the form of high grade battery-quality lithium carbonate).

Because I’ve been working recently to fight a massive proposed lithium mine in Northern Nevada, I have statistics at hand about what such a mine entails. For the Thacker Pass Lithium mine, a 2 mile by 1.5 mile pit, 400 feet deep, will be blasted into the side of a mountain, in an area now considered one of the last best sage-grouse habitats left in the United States. Giant piles of waste rock and toxic tailings will take up a further few thousand acres of ground in a wild and stunningly beautiful place that currently supports 300 or more species including the threatened pgymy rabbit, golden eagles, old-growth sagebrush, and wildflowers galore. A sulfuric acid refinery will be built on site, to which 100-200 truckloads a day of molten sulphur — a by-product from oil-refineries — will be trucked through a small community, right next to the community school. The mine will use 1.7 billion gallons of water annually from an already over-allocated aquifer in the driest state in the nation, and leach arsenic and other toxins into the ground, in an area where the endangered Lahontan cutthroat trout still, for now, thrives. And, overall, the mine will produce 152,713 tons of CO2 each year, equivalent to the greenhouse gas emissions of a small city. “Fossil fuel-free”? I think not.

Along with lithium, batteries need metals like graphite, nickel, manganese, copper, and cobalt. All of these materials are mined from the ground using some of the dirtiest, most polluting extraction processes known to humanity, processes that destroy habitat and human health wherever they are found. Mines, once dug and built, require “perpetual remediation” as Joan Kuyek calls it in her book Unearthing Justice, meaning all mines require pollution remediation forever. Forever. Let that sink in. Cobalt, for now, comes primarily from the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), which, by some reports, uses up to 40,000 child slaves for cobalt mining. Because the DRC cobalt supply is so limited and so disturbing, there are many companies looking to mine cobalt from the sea bed. This will, of course, utterly destroy the sea bed where mining occurs. We don’t know how far this destruction will spread, or how long this destruction will last because we haven’t, until now, had the technology to mine materials from the sea bed at scale. Most scientists who have looked at the prospect of mining the ocean floor have recoiled in horror at the possible implications for marine life. Fortunately, WA state has recently passed a law banning seabed mining in state waters, but of course that doesn’t prevent seabed mining just outside the too-small state jurisdiction area offshore. Nor does it prevent seabed mining elsewhere, so that, just like most of the mining required to supply the solar and EVs OPALCO champions, it is out of sight, and out of mind for most WA residents.

Of course, for EVs to generate no CO2 when they are driven, requires that what powers EV batteries generates no CO2. So, implicitly, OPALCO continues to support the many dams that have killed WA state rivers, from the Skagit to the Snake to the Columbia, since most of our county electric power comes from those dams. We all know by now the consequences of damming a river, including slow moving over-heated water that kills fish, sediment buildup behind dams that damages river life below and destroys estuaries, and that dams block fish passage, and decimate wild fish populations. Let’s not forget that dams can release up to three and a half times as much greenhouse gases per unit of energy as is released by burning oil, in the form of methane, a greenhouse gas with 80 times the warming potential of carbon dioxide over two decades.

Despite my repeated pleas, OPALCO has yet to consider or even discuss a county-wide energy reduction plan as the primary and most important strategy to reduce our impact on ecosystems, landscapes, rivers, natural communities, and the climate. We know that the top 10% wealthiest people in the developed world contribute more than 50% of the damage on the natural world, and yet no one seems willing to discuss how reckless it is for SJC to allow the people of this county, which include some of the wealthiest of the wealthy, to continue to build houses that require massive amounts of energy, and for OPALCO to plan for even more growth based on that projected energy demand. We citizens of San Juan County are the ones creating the demand that OPALCO has to plan for. So ultimately it is on our shoulders to reduce that demand so that we use far less energy, and in the process, do far less damage to the ecosystems we cannot live without.

Greenwashing has become a key component of big business, because industry has seen the writing on the wall for fossil fuels. These companies know that if they want to sell their “green” products, they must make sure consumers of these products never find out that underneath that green veneer, it’s fossil fuels, dirty extraction, and Earth destruction all the way down. Public utilities like OPALCO fall prey to the greenwashing because they are mandated to provide the power that citizens demand.

When are we going to get real about cutting back; about environmental justice for all of nature and for people and natural communities who are displaced by mines elsewhere; about stopping the greenwashing, and starting to take seriously the crises we face? That time must be now, because we have limited options as humanity continues to grow by leaps and bounds every year in consumption and demand, further decimating the natural communities on which we depend for life. We will soon find out the Earth is finite, and an infinite extraction, infinite growth plan on Planet Earth is a suicide mission.


 

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